Development of eco-friendly methods by using NADES

NADESign enables the implementation of innovative technologies which emerged from the combination of NADES, application expertise and technical realization. We offer our customers the opportunity to jointly develop completely new products and bring them to the market, using NADES and profound know-how.

In order to design efficient method by using NADES, further step should be included:

1. Preparation and characterization of NADES
   • Physicochemical characterization (density, viscosity, polarity, pH)
   • Evaluation of environmental impact (cytotoxicity and biodegradability assessment of NADES)
2. NADES selection
   • Process efficiency
   • NADES characteristics
   • Solvent price
   • Stability of process
3. Optimization of methods
   • Using innovative technology (e.g. lower power consumption)
4. NADES recovery
   • Solid phase extraction
   • Evaporation of target compounds
   • Application of anti-solvents
   • Recrystallization
   • Adsorption chromatography
5. Scale-up
   • Life Cycle Assessment

Natural Bioactive Compounds Extraction

Possibility to use NADES as an extraction solvent for various metabolites, DNA, PROTEINS, CELLULOSE, LIGNIN and many other natural compounds has been demonstrated. Solubility for some of those molecules increased for several orders of magnitude in NADES when compared to organic solvents, what proves that extraction of natural molecules with NADES has lot of potential. Higher solubility in these solvents is explained by the formation of hydrogen bonds between compounds of interest and solvent components.

Main benefits of application of as a solvent for extraction of natural compounds are:

• NADES are highly selective and could extract both polar and nonpolar compounds
• NADES probably occur in living cells and are involved in the biosynthesis, solubilisation and storage of various metabolites
• Stability of target compounds in NADES is better than in conventional solvents
• Extracts made with NADES could be directly used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetical and agrochemical applications without the need for expensive downstream purification steps

Life sciences

We are taught that all biochemical processes in cells take place in water or in lipid. But the fact is that many compounds found in cells are neither water soluble nor lipid soluble. That lead to a hypothesis that there might be a third medium in cells. It has been proposed that this alternative medium could be composed of solids which in certain molar ratios become a liquid (NADES). Based on that, importance of NADES in the THERAPEUTIC, BIOTECHNOLOGICAL and MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY areas is forecasted.

Main benefits of application of NADES in life sciences are:

• improved solvation, absorption and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients and/or biologically active compounds from natural sources
• stabilization and preservation of biomolecules, but also whole cells, tissues, and biological samples (from cryopreservation to fixation of cells for different molecular analytic methods)
• possible synthesis of biodegradable polyesters (biodegradable pharmaceutical materials for use in biomedicine and/or tissue engineering)

BioCatalysis

Biocatalytic reactions are traditionally carried out in various solvents to bring reactants and (bio)catalysts together to deliver mass, heat, and momentum, whrebythese solvents areaccountable for a large part of generated waste and pollutionIn (bio)catalytic processes NADES can serve as SOLVENT/CO-SOLVENT, as EXTRACTIVE REAGENT for an enzymatic product and PRETREATMENT SOLVENT of enzymatic biomass.

The unique properties NADES makes them almost ideal solvents for reactions catalyzed by isolated enzymes or whole-cells through:

• improved substrate/product solubility
• enhanced enzyme activity and stability
• enhanced reaction yield
• possibility to tailor reaction enantioselectivity and regioselectivity
• possibility of NADES recycle and reuse